外观
Linux中查看系统信息及使用情况
一、查看内存占用
1、free
free -m
以MB为单位显示内存使用情况
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3918 444 3126 3 346 3254
Swap: 1024 0 1024free -h
以GB为单位显示内存使用情况
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3.8Gi 448Mi 3.0Gi 3.0Mi 346Mi 3.2Gi
Swap: 1.0Gi 0B 1.0Gifree -t
以总和的形式查询内存的使用信息
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ free -t
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 4012372 461192 3196268 3384 354912 3326620
Swap: 1048576 0 1048576
Total: 5060948 461192 4244844free -s 5
周期性的查询内存使用信息
每5秒执行一次命令
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ free -s 5
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 4012372 464972 3192488 3384 354912 3322840
Swap: 1048576 0 1048576解释：
Mem：内存的使用情况总览表（物理内存）
Swap：虚拟内存。即可以把数据存放在硬盘上的数据
shared：共享内存，即和普通用户共享的物理内存值
buffers：用于存放要输出到disk（块设备）的数据的
cached：存放从disk上读出的数据
total：机器总的物理内存
used：用掉的内存
free：空闲的物理内存
注：物理内存（total）=系统看到的用掉的内存（used）+系统看到空闲的内存（free）
2、查看某个pid的物理内存使用情况
cat /proc/${PID}/status | grep VmRSSlxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ pidof systemd
695
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ cat /proc/695/status | grep VmRSS
VmRSS: 9580 kB
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ pidof java
1973
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ cat /proc/1973/status | grep VmRSS
VmRSS: 1166852 kB由上面可知，java服务进程的pid所占物理内存为"1166852"
3、查看本机所有进程的内存占比之和
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ cat ./mem_per.sh
#! /bin/bash
ps auxw | awk '{if (NR>1){print $4}}' > /opt/mem_list
awk '{MEM_PER+=$1}END{print MEM_PER}' /opt/mem_list
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ chmod +x ./mem_per.sh
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ sudo ./mem_per.sh
5
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$脚本配置解释：
ps -auxw | awk '{print $3}' # 表示列出本机所有进程的cpu利用率情况，结果中第一行带"%CPU"字符
ps -auxw | awk '{print $4}' # 表示列出本机所有进程的内存利用率情况，结果中第一行带"%MEM"字符
ps auxw | awk '{if (NR>1){print $4}}' # 表示将"ps auxw"结果中的第一行过滤(NR>1)掉，然后打印第4行二、查看CPU使用情况
1、top
top后键入P看一下谁占用最大
top -d 5
周期性的查询CPU使用信息
每5秒刷新一次
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ top -d 5
top - 11:30:24 up 18 min, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
Tasks: 35 total, 1 running, 34 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
# us：表示用户空间程序的cpu使用率（没有通过nice调度）
# sy：表示系统空间的cpu使用率，主要是内核程序。
# id：空闲cpu
MiB Mem : 3918.3 total, 3234.7 free, 462.3 used, 221.3 buff/cache
MiB Swap: 1024.0 total, 1024.0 free, 0.0 used. 3236.7 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 170120 13408 8416 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.78 systemd
2 root 20 0 2616 1508 1384 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 init-systemd(Ub
9 root 20 0 2628 140 132 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 init
61 root 19 -1 52156 15336 14328 S 0.0 0.4 0:00.18 systemd-journal
88 root 20 0 22452 7196 3896 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.14 systemd-udevd
93 systemd+ 20 0 19088 7656 6764 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.10 systemd-network
260 root 20 0 85588 2268 56 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 snapfuse
269 root 20 0 298860 7116 332 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.09 snapfuse
275 root 20 0 85588 196 16 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 snapfuse
277 root 20 0 963396 11208 596 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.32 snapfuse
278 root 20 0 85588 232 56 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 snapfuse
279 root 20 0 151256 544 264 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 snapfuse
293 systemd+ 20 0 24908 12456 8056 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.22 systemd-resolve
296 root 20 0 237332 7228 6396 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.05 accounts-daemon
297 message+ 20 0 7576 4600 3804 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.09 dbus-daemon
302 root 20 0 29868 18160 10144 S 0.0 0.5 0:00.19 networkd-dispat
303 root 20 0 232740 6768 6076 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.02 polkitd
304 syslog 20 0 224352 6540 3720 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.03 rsyslogd
307 root 20 0 1837576 40808 17780 S 0.0 1.0 0:00.49 snapd
314 root 20 0 17376 7528 6636 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.16 systemd-logind
317 root 20 0 393360 14136 10196 S 0.0 0.4 0:00.09 udisksd
346 root 20 0 315096 13036 9252 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.11 ModemManager
369 root 20 0 8548 2892 2676 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 cron2、ps auxw（查看本机的进程所占cpu和mem的百分比情况）
使用"ps auxw" 可以查看到本机的进程所占cpu和mem的百分比情况
ps auxw | head -1
%CPU 进程的cpu占用率 %MEM 进程的内存占用率
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps auxw | head -1
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$查看systemd进程所占本机的cpu百分比
ps auxw | grep -v grep | grep -w systemd | awk '{print $3}'
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps auxw | grep -v grep | grep -w java | awk '{print $3}'
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0查看systemd进程所占本机的内存百分比
ps auxw | grep -v grep | grep -w systemd | awk '{print $4}'
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps auxw | grep -v grep | grep -w systemd | awk '{print $4}'
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$3、查看本机所有进程的CPU占比之和
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ cat cpu_per.sh
#! /bin/bash
ps auxw | awk '{if (NR>1){print $3}}' > /opt/cpu_list
awk '{CPU_PER+=$1}END{print CPU_PER}' /opt/cpu_list
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ chmod +x cpu_per.sh
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ sudo ./cpu_per.sh
0
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$三、查看cpu信息（信息记录在/proc/cpuinfo中）
总核数 = 物理CPU个数 X 每颗物理CPU的核数
总逻辑CPU数 = 物理CPU个数 X 每颗物理CPU的核数 X 超线程数
1、查看虚拟机逻辑CPU的个数
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l
162、查看物理CPU个数
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l
13、列出CPU详细信息
lscpu
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
Address sizes: 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
CPU(s): 16
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-15
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 8
Socket(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 154
Model name: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1240P
Stepping: 3
CPU MHz: 2112.008
BogoMIPS: 4224.01
Hypervisor vendor: Microsoft
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 384 KiB
L1i cache: 256 KiB
L2 cache: 10 MiB
L3 cache: 12 MiB
Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Not affected
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected
Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected
Vulnerability Mds: Not affected
Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected
Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Not affected
Vulnerability Reg file data sampling: Vulnerable: No microcode
Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; Enhanced IBRS
Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Not affected
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Enhanced / Automatic IBRS; IBPB conditional; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS
SW sequence; BHI BHI_DIS_S
Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mm
x fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtop
ology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4
_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch inv
pcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms i
nvpcid rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves umip
gfni vaes vpclmulqdq rdpid fsrm md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$4、查看每个物理CPU中core的个数(即核数)
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "cpu cores"| uniq
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "cpu cores"| uniq
cpu cores : 8四、Linux下查看哪些进程占用的CPU和内存资源最多的方法
1、获取占用CPU资源最多的10个进程
ps aux | head -1; ps aux | grep -v PID | sort -rn -k +3 | head -10
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps aux | head -1; ps aux | grep -v PID | sort -rn -k +3 | head -10
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
systemd+ 293 0.0 0.3 24908 12456 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /lib/systemd/systemd-resolved
systemd+ 93 0.0 0.1 19088 7656 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /lib/systemd/systemd-networkd
syslog 304 0.0 0.1 224352 6540 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n -iNONE
root 514 0.0 0.1 5704 4252 pts/1 Ss 11:11 0:00 /bin/login -f
root 512 0.0 0.0 2616 120 ? S 11:11 0:00 /init
root 511 0.0 0.0 2616 120 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /init
root 406 0.0 0.0 5836 1760 tty1 Ss+ 11:11 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux
root 397 0.0 0.0 7360 2232 hvc0 Ss+ 11:11 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear --keep-baud console 115200,38400,9600 vt220
root 377 0.0 0.5 108120 20368 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown --wait-for-signal
root 369 0.0 0.0 8548 2892 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /usr/sbin/cron -f
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$2、获取占用内存资源最多的10个进程
ps aux | head -1; ps aux | grep -v PID | sort -rn -k +4 | head -10
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps aux | head -1; ps aux | grep -v PID | sort -rn -k +4 | head -10
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 307 0.0 1.0 1837576 41500 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 /usr/lib/snapd/snapd
root 377 0.0 0.5 108120 20368 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown --wait-for-signal
root 302 0.0 0.4 29868 18160 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/networkd-dispatcher --run-startup-triggers
systemd+ 293 0.0 0.3 24908 12456 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /lib/systemd/systemd-resolved
root 346 0.0 0.3 315096 13036 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 /usr/sbin/ModemManager
root 317 0.0 0.3 393360 14136 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 /usr/lib/udisks2/udisksd
root 61 0.0 0.3 52156 15336 ? S<s 11:11 0:00 /lib/systemd/systemd-journald
root 1 0.0 0.3 170120 13408 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /sbin/init
root 277 0.0 0.2 963396 11208 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 snapfuse /var/lib/snapd/snaps/core20_2434.snap /snap/core20/2434 -o ro,nodev,allow_other,suid
lxxilyd 695 0.0 0.2 19112 9580 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /lib/systemd/systemd --user
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$3、查看占用cpu最高的进程
ps aux | head -1; ps aux | grep -v PID | sort -rn -k +3 | head -1
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps aux | head -1; ps aux | grep -v PID | sort -rn -k +3 | head -1
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
systemd+ 293 0.0 0.3 24908 12456 ? Ss 11:11 0:00 /lib/systemd/systemd-resolved4、获取占用内存资源最高的进程
ps aux | head -1; ps aux | grep -v PID | sort -rn -k +4 | head -1
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 307 0.0 1.0 1837576 41500 ? Ssl 11:11 0:00 /usr/lib/snapd/snapd五、Linux下查看某些进程的启动时间和运行时长
查看java进程的启动时间和运行时长
ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep -w java | awk '{print $2}'
ps -eo pid,lstart,etime | grep 1973
其中：
Wed Nov 20 15:44:16 2024 为java进程的启动时间
1-20:05:44 为java进程的运行时长，天-小时-分钟-秒
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep -w java | awk '{print $2}'
4337
5640
11320
16476
17557
17558
19817
20116
20424
20432
20467
20585
28392
28419
30286
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps -eo pid,lstart,etime | grep 4337
4337 Wed Nov 20 15:44:16 2024 1-20:05:44
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ date
Fri Nov 22 11:51:41 CST 2024查看所有进程的启动事件、运行时长
ps -eo user,pid,lstart,etime,cmd
查看java进程启动的精确时间和启动后运行的时长
ps -eo pid,lstart,etime,cmd | grep nginx
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ps -eo pid,lstart,etime,cmd | grep nginx
5752 Thu Apr 21 18:12:02 2022 945-17:23:54 nginx: master process ./sbin/nginx -c ./conf/nginx.conf
21444 Sat Mar 2 01:04:06 2024 265-10:31:50 nginx: worker process
24501 Fri Nov 22 11:35:56 2024 00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ date
Fri Nov 22 11:36:24 CST 2024
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$六、查看网络情况
ifconfig
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1280
inet 172.28.116.86 netmask 255.255.240.0 broadcast 172.28.127.255
inet6 fe80::215:5dff:fe8f:2029 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:15:5d:8f:20:29 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 163 bytes 115697 (115.6 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 150 bytes 25557 (25.5 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0ip a
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1280 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:15:5d:8f:20:29 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.28.116.86/20 brd 172.28.127.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::215:5dff:fe8f:2029/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever七、查看磁盘以及分区情况
df -Th
查看分区、挂载情况
[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
none overlay 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /usr/lib/modules/5.15.167.4-microsoft-standard-WSL2
none tmpfs 2.0G 4.0K 2.0G 1% /mnt/wsl
drivers 9p 120G 98G 22G 82% /usr/lib/wsl/drivers
/dev/sdc ext4 1007G 3.0G 953G 1% /
none tmpfs 2.0G 84K 2.0G 1% /mnt/wslg
none overlay 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /usr/lib/wsl/lib
rootfs rootfs 2.0G 2.2M 2.0G 1% /init
none devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
none tmpfs 2.0G 856K 2.0G 1% /run
none tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /run/lock
none tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /run/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
none overlay 2.0G 76K 2.0G 1% /mnt/wslg/versions.txt
none overlay 2.0G 76K 2.0G 1% /mnt/wslg/doc
C:\ 9p 120G 98G 22G 82% /mnt/c
D:\ 9p 279G 53G 226G 19% /mnt/d
E:\ 9p 279G 99G 180G 36% /mnt/e
F:\ 9p 278G 31G 248G 11% /mnt/f
snapfuse fuse.snapfuse 92M 92M 0 100% /snap/lxd/24061
snapfuse fuse.snapfuse 39M 39M 0 100% /snap/snapd/21759
snapfuse fuse.snapfuse 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/2379
snapfuse fuse.snapfuse 54M 54M 0 100% /snap/snapd/19122
snapfuse fuse.snapfuse 64M 64M 0 100% /snap/core20/2434
snapfuse fuse.snapfuse 92M 92M 0 100% /snap/lxd/29619lsblk
查看磁盘情况
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 388.4M 1 disk
sdb 8:16 0 1G 0 disk [SWAP]
sdc 8:32 0 1T 0 disk /mnt/wslg/distrofdisk -l
查看详细的硬盘分区情况
lxxilyd@DESKTOP-2KT6KAH:~$ sudo fdisk -l
[sudo] password for lxxilyd:
Disk /dev/ram0: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram1: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram2: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram3: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram4: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram5: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram6: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram7: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram8: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram9: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram10: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram11: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram12: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram13: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram14: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/ram15: 64 MiB, 67108864 bytes, 131072 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 388.44 MiB, 407298048 bytes, 795504 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb: 1 GiB, 1073745920 bytes, 2097160 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc: 1 TiB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors
Disk model: Virtual Disk
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes